Publications by finnstats
Calculate Square in R
Square in R, In this tutorial, will describe how to calculate the values of a data points to the power of two in R. We are going to cover the following cases, 1) Square of a single value in R 2) Square of Vector in R 3) Square of the data frame in R Linear Discriminant Analysis in R » LDA Prediction » Example 1:- Single ...
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Compare data frames in R-Quick Guide
Compare data frames in R, In this tutorial we are going to describe how to compare data frames in R. Let’s create a data frame data1 <- data.frame(x1 = 1:5, x2 = LETTERS[1:5]) data2 <- data.frame(x1 = 1:5, x2 = LETTERS[1:5]) data3 <- data.frame(x1 = 3:7, �...
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ggpairs in R- A Brief Introduction to ggpairs
In this article, we are going to compare pairs and ggpairs functions in R. 1. pairs() in R pairs() function mainly used to plot a scatter diagram corresponding to each data frame. Syntax: pairs(data) This will return with Color, Labels, Panels, and by Group in-pairs plot. We will make use of mtcars package here. Let’s store some variable into d...
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Equality of Variances in R-Homogeneity test-Quick Guide
Equality of Variances in R, in this article, we are describing variance comparison of 2 or more samples. There are different types of tests that can be utilized to assess the equality of variances. 1) F-test:- Used for two groups variance comparison. Data must be normally distributed. 2) Bartlett’s test:- Used for two or more groups variance co...
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Transition plot in R-change in time visualization
Transition Plot in R, when we have quantitative data for change in time, visualization is straight forward but in the case of a categorical variable, it’s not as easy. In this article, we are going to describe transition plots for categorical variables. Funnel Chart in R-Interactive Funnel Plot » Approach 1:- You can use plotmat function from...
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Intraclass Correlation Coefficient in R-Quick Guide
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient in R, ICC is used to determine if subjects can be rated reliably by different raters. In some kind of situation or studies with two or more raters or judges, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient can be also used for test-retest (repeated measures of the same subject) and intra-rater (multiple scores from the sam...
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How to find z score in R-Easy Calculation-Quick Guide
z score how to find?, z-score provides how many standard deviations away a value is from the mean. We can use the following formula for z-score calculation. z-score = (x-μ)/σ x is a raw score to be standardized; μ is the mean of the population; σ is the standard deviation of the population. In this article, we are describing z score calculati...
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How to Calculate Partial Correlation coefficient in R-Quick Guide
partial correlation coefficient r, When we want to find the linear relationship between two variables, we often choose the Pearson correlation coefficient. But some cases we want to know the relationship between two variables while controlling a third variable. Suppose we want to measure the association between the number of hours students studi...
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Point Biserial Correlation in R-Quick Guide
Point Biserial correlation in R, What do you understand by biserial correlation? In some situations in which one variable is dichotomous according to some qualitative factor and another variable is numeric according to some quantitative variate. In this kind of situation’s person correlation coefficient is not appropriate. Hence a measure of co...
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How to Create a Covariance Matrix in R
Covariance Matrix in R, Covariance is a measure of the degree to which two variables are linearly associated. We can measure how changes in one variable are associated with another variable. A covariance matrix indicates the covariance between different variables. It’s mainly used to understand how different variables are related. This article ...
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