Publications by finnstats
How to Calculate Cosine Similarity in R
How to Calculate Cosine Similarity in R, The measure of similarity between two vectors in an inner product space is cosine similarity. The formula for two vectors, like A and B and the Cosine Similarity can be calculated as follows Cosine Similarity = ΣAiBi / (√ΣAi2√ΣBi2) Mainly Cosine similarity is used to measure how similar the document...
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How to Calculate Cross-Correlation in R
How to Calculate Cross-Correlation in R, The degree of resemblance between a time series and a lagged version of another time series is measured using cross-correlation. In another way, it can tell us whether one-time series is a leading signal for another. Cross-correlation is used in different areas like economics, business, Biology, etc… Ken...
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How to Calculate Mahalanobis Distance in R
In multivariate space, the Mahalanobis distance is the distance between two points. It’s frequently used to locate outliers in statistical investigations involving several variables. This tutorial describes how to execute the Mahalanobis distance in R. Discriminant Analysis in r » Discriminant analysis in r » Mahalanobis Distance in R First, ...
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3D Plot in R Programming-Quick Guide
3D Plot in R, one of the quickest ways to create a 3D plot is to use the persp() function. 3D plot the data points on three axes to highlight the link between three factors. Let’s see the syntax. persp(x, y, z) Approach 1: Basic 3D Plot in R Let’s create a basic 3D plot, #define x and y x <- -20:20 y <- -20:20 we create a z value based on th...
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How to Overlay Plots in R-Quick Guide with Example
To make overlay Plots in R, we can make use of lines() and points() functions. Let’s create a scatter plot first and overly another line plot. Approach:- #Step1:-create scatterplot plot(x1, y1) #Step 2:-overlay line plot lines(x2, y2) #Step3:-overlay scatterplot points(x2, y2) Let’s create an example, Regression analysis in R-Model Comparison...
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How to Plot Categorical Data in R-Quick Guide
Plot Categorical Data in R, Categorical variables are data types that can be separated into categories. Race, sex, age group, and educational level are examples of categorical variables. This tutorial describes three approaches to plot categorical data in R. Let’s make use of Bar Charts, Mosaic Plots, and Boxplots by Group. Approach 1: Bar Char...
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Goodness of Fit Test- Jarque-Bera Test in R
Goodness of fit test, The Jarque-Bera test is a goodness-of-fit test that measures if sample data has skewness and kurtosis that are similar to a normal distribution. The Jarque-Bera test statistic is always positive, and if it is not close to zero, it shows that the sample data do not have a normal distribution. Goodness of Fit Test The test sta...
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Log Rank Test in R-Survival Curve Comparison
Log Rank Test in R, the most frequent technique to compare survival curves between two groups is to use a log-rank test. Test hypotheses: Ho: In terms of survivability, there is no difference between the two groups. Hi: There is a survival differential between the two groups. We can reject the null hypothesis and infer that there is enough eviden...
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Plot Differences in Two Measurements-Bland-Altman Plot in R
Plot Differences in Measurements, the discrepancies in measurements between two different instruments or measurement methodologies are visualized using a Bland-Altman plot. It can be used to compare the accuracy of two instruments or approaches while measuring the same build. Bland-Altman plot in R This tutorial describes how to create a Bland-A...
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Test For Randomness in R-How to check Dataset Randomness
Test For Randomness in R, How to check dataset randomness? Assume that a and b are symbols indicating the kind of items or numbers that make up a sequence and the test hypothesis is that H0:-The symbols occur in random order H1:- The symbols occur in a set pattern. Suppose the sample size is n contains n1 symbols of a and n2 symbols of b, that is...
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