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Country
Afghanistan
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Chad
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China
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Congo - Brazzaville
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Croatia
Cuba
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Denmark
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Ecuador
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Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Eswatini
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Faroe Islands
Fiji
Finland
France
French Polynesia
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Gibraltar
Greece
Greenland
Grenada
Guam
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Isle of Man
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Marshall Islands
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar (Burma)
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Netherlands
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
North Macedonia
Northern Mariana Islands
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
South Korea
Moldova
Romania
Russia
Rwanda
St. Kitts & Nevis
St. Lucia
Saint Martin (French part)
St. Vincent & Grenadines
Samoa
San Marino
São Tomé & Príncipe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Sint Maarten
Slovakia
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Spain
Sri Lanka
Palestinian Territories
Sudan
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad & Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Turks & Caicos Islands
Tuvalu
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
Tanzania
United States
U.S. Virgin Islands
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Yemen Arab Republic
Indicator
Access to electricity (% of population)
Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land)
Agricultural land (% of land area)
Agricultural machinery, tractors per 100 sq. km of arable land
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
Air transport, registered carrier departures worldwide
Alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use)
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)
Annualized average growth rate in per capita real survey mean consumption or income, bottom 40% of population (%)
Annualized average growth rate in per capita real survey mean consumption or income, total population (%)
Arable land (% of land area)
Arable land (hectares per person)
Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults)
Bank capital to assets ratio (%)
Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%)
Bird species, threatened
Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people)
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
Broad money (% of GDP)
Broad money growth (annual %)
Business extent of disclosure index (0=less disclosure to 10=more disclosure)
CO2 emissions (kt)
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)
CPIA economic management cluster average (1=low to 6=high)
CPIA policies for social inclusion/equity cluster average (1=low to 6=high)
CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high)
CPIA structural policies cluster average (1=low to 6=high)
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total)
Cause of death, by injury (% of total)
Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total)
Central government debt, total (% of GDP)
Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Charges for the use of intellectual property, payments (BoP, current US$)
Charges for the use of intellectual property, receipts (BoP, current US$)
Children in employment, female (% of female children ages 7-14)
Children in employment, male (% of male children ages 7-14)
Children in employment, total (% of children ages 7-14)
Children out of school, primary, female
Children out of school, primary, male
Commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)
Completeness of birth registration (%)
Completeness of death registration with cause-of-death information (%)
Container port traffic (TEU: 20 foot equivalent units)
Contraceptive prevalence, any methods (% of women ages 15-49)
Contributing family workers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Contributing family workers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Crop production index (2004-2006 = 100)
Current account balance (BoP, current US$)
Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people)
Deposit interest rate (%)
Depth of credit information index (0=low to 8=high)
Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79)
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)
Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations)
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Employment in industry, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Employment in services, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Employment in services, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
Energy imports, net (% of energy use)
Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2011 PPP GDP)
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
Expense (% of GDP)
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
External debt stocks (% of GNI)
External debt stocks, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (DOD, current US$)
External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DOD, current US$)
External debt stocks, short-term (DOD, current US$)
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$)
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land)
Firms using banks to finance working capital (% of firms)
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
Fish species, threatened
Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people)
Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people)
Food production index (2004-2006 = 100)
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$)
Forest area (% of land area)
Forest area (sq. km)
Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)
Fuel exports (% of merchandise exports)
GDP (current US$)
GDP growth (annual %)
GDP per capita (current US$)
GDP per capita growth (annual %)
GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)
GDP per person employed (constant 2017 PPP $)
GDP per unit of energy use (constant 2017 PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent)
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
GNI, Atlas method (current US$)
GNI, PPP (current international $)
Gini index (World Bank estimate)
Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)
Government expenditure on education, total (% of government expenditure)
Government expenditure per student, primary (% of GDP per capita)
Government expenditure per student, secondary (% of GDP per capita)
Government expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per capita)
Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$)
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, female (% of relevant age group)
Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, male (% of relevant age group)
Gross savings (% of GDP)
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
High-technology exports (current US$)
Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)
Human Development Index - UNDP (2018)
Human Rights Scores – Schnakenberg and Fariss (2014), Fariss (2019)
IBRD loans and IDA credits (DOD, current US$)
IDA resource allocation index (1=low to 6=high)
Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months)
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)
Income share held by fourth 20%
Income share held by highest 10%
Income share held by highest 20%
Income share held by lowest 10%
Income share held by lowest 20%
Income share held by second 20%
Income share held by third 20%
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people)
Interest rate spread (lending rate minus deposit rate, %)
International migrant stock, total
International tourism, expenditures (% of total imports)
International tourism, receipts (% of total exports)
Investment in energy with private participation (current US$)
Investment in transport with private participation (current US$)
Investment in water and sanitation with private participation (current US$)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
Labor force, total
Land area (sq. km)
Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)
Land under cereal production (hectares)
Lead time to export, median case (days)
Lead time to import, median case (days)
Lending interest rate (%)
Life expectancy at birth, female (years)
Life expectancy at birth, male (years)
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
Listed domestic companies, total
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24)
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24)
Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)
Livestock production index (2004-2006 = 100)
Logistics performance index: Overall (1=low to 5=high)
Mammal species, threatened
Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (% of GDP)
Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (current US$)
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Merchandise exports (current US$)
Merchandise imports (current US$)
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Military expenditure (% of general government expenditure)
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 people)
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births)
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
Net ODA received (% of GNI)
Net ODA received (% of central government expense)
Net ODA received (% of gross capital formation)
Net ODA received (% of imports of goods, services and primary income)
Net ODA received per capita (current US$)
Net acquisition of financial assets (% of GDP)
Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100)
Net incurrence of liabilities, total (% of GDP)
Net investment in nonfinancial assets (% of GDP)
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
Net migration
Net official development assistance received (current US$)
New businesses registered (number)
Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
Number of surgical procedures (per 100,000 population)
Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)
Ores and metals exports (% of merchandise exports)
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total)
PPP conversion factor, GDP (LCU per international $)
Patent applications, nonresidents
Patent applications, residents
Permanent cropland (% of land area)
Persistence to last grade of primary, female (% of cohort)
Persistence to last grade of primary, male (% of cohort)
Personal remittances, received (current US$)
Plant species (higher), threatened
Population ages 0-14 (% of total population)
Population ages 15-64 (% of total population)
Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
Population growth (annual %)
Population in the largest city (% of urban population)
Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)
Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)
Population living in slums (% of urban population)
Population, female (% of total population)
Population, total
Poverty gap at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (%)
Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)
Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24)
Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24)
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5)
Prevalence of overweight, weight for height (% of children under 5)
Prevalence of severe wasting, weight for height (% of children under 5)
Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)
Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
Prevalence of wasting, weight for height (% of children under 5)
Price level ratio of PPP conversion factor (GDP) to market exchange rate
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
Progression to secondary school, female (%)
Progression to secondary school, male (%)
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, female (% of 24 hour day)
Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, male (% of 24 hour day)
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary
Rail lines (total route-km)
Real interest rate (%)
Refugee population by country or territory of asylum
Refugee population by country or territory of origin
Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)
Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)
Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters)
Repeaters, primary, female (% of female enrollment)
Repeaters, primary, male (% of male enrollment)
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
Researchers in R&D (per million people)
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
Risk of catastrophic expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)
Risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)
Risk premium on lending (lending rate minus treasury bill rate, %)
Rural population
Rural population (% of total population)
S&P Global Equity Indices (annual % change)
School enrollment, preprimary (% gross)
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
School enrollment, primary (% net)
School enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
School enrollment, secondary (% net)
School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)
Scientific and technical journal articles
Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people)
Short-term debt (% of total reserves)
Specialist surgical workforce (per 100,000 population)
Start-up procedures to register a business (number)
Start-up procedures to register a business, female (number)
Start-up procedures to register a business, male (number)
Statistical Capacity score (Overall average)
Stocks traded, total value (% of GDP)
Stocks traded, turnover ratio of domestic shares (%)
Strength of legal rights index (0=weak to 12=strong)
Surface area (sq. km)
Survey mean consumption or income per capita, bottom 40% of population (2011 PPP $ per day)
Survey mean consumption or income per capita, total population (2011 PPP $ per day)
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
Technical cooperation grants (BoP, current US$)
Technicians in R&D (per million people)
Teenage mothers (% of women ages 15-19 who have had children or are currently pregnant)
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
Time required to get electricity (days)
Time required to start a business (days)
Time required to start a business, female (days)
Time required to start a business, male (days)
Time spent dealing with the requirements of government regulations (% of senior management time)
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)
Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)
Total tax and contribution rate (% of profit)
Trademark applications, direct nonresident
Trademark applications, direct resident
Trained teachers in primary education (% of total teachers)
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49)
Urban population
Urban population (% of total population)
Use of IMF credit (DOD, current US$)
Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Wage and salaried workers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Wage and salaried workers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Women making their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care (% of women age 15-49)
World Happiness Report (2019)
Value type
value
rank
top
Values present
all columns
any column
Year
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
Researchers in R&D (per million people), 2021
Country
Researchers in R&D (per million people)
Kazakhstan
630
