Pakistan Pakistan, Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)

Year Value Rank Change Change,%
2023 0.164 21 -0.00056 -0.341%
2021 0.164 72 -0.0104 -5.97%
2019 0.175 79 -0.0374 -17.6%
2017 0.212 73 -0.00979 -4.41%
2015 0.222 78 -0.0399 -15.2%
2013 0.262 72 -0.0431 -14.1%
2011 0.305 63 -0.0973 -24.2%
2009 0.402 60 -0.121 -23.2%
2007 0.523 47 +0.194 +58.9%
2005 0.329 59 +0.167 +103%
2002 0.162 75 +0.0382 +30.8%
2001 0.124 71 +0.0287 +30.1%
2000 0.0954 71 -0.0205 -17.7%
1999 0.116 65 +0.00671 +6.15%
1998 0.109 61 -0.0465 -29.8%
1997 0.156 61

Charts