Netherlands Netherlands vs Romania Romania development indicators, 2024

Indicator
Netherlands
Netherlands, Value
Romania
Romania, Value
Netherlands
Netherlands, Rank
Romania
Romania, Rank
Netherlands Netherlands as % of
Romania Romania
Current account balance (% of GDP) 9.92 -8.36 10 99
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 84.1 35.6 11 70 236 %
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) -1.1 1.92 101 57
GDP per capita (current US$) 68,219 20,072 12 57 340 %
GDP per capita, PPP (current international US$) 84,218 48,712 11 45 173 %
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 72 41.7 20 67 173 %
Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 3.35 5.72 65 35 58.5 %
Net migration 121,628 -28,466 17 182
Population, total 17,994,237 19,069,340 71 66 94.4 %

Demography and Health

The Netherlands has a crude birth rate of 9.2 per 1,000 people, compared to Romania's 8. This indicates slightly higher birth rates in the Netherlands. However, the death rate is lower in the Netherlands at 9.5 per 1,000 compared to Romania's 12.7, which may reflect better healthcare and living conditions. Life expectancy also showcases a notable difference, with the Netherlands standing at 81.9 years versus Romania's 76.6 years. The under-5 mortality rate is lower in the Netherlands at 4 per 1,000 live births as compared to 6.6 in Romania, again suggesting better healthcare outcomes. Additionally, both countries report a prevalence of undernourishment at 2.5% of the population, indicating food security is not a major issue in either nation. The healthcare expenditure in the Netherlands is significantly higher, standing at 10.1% of GDP versus Romania's 5.7%, which is likely to contribute to the better health indicators observed.

Economy

The economic fabric of the Netherlands is robust, with a GDP per capita of $68,219, significantly surpassing Romania's $20,072. In terms of GDP per capita measured by purchasing power parity (PPP), the Netherlands also leads at $84,218 versus Romania's $48,712. Exports of goods and services as a percentage of GDP highlight the Netherlands' strong international economic ties at 84.1%, compared to Romania's more modest 35.6%. However, Romania shows promise with net foreign direct investment inflows reported at 1.9% of GDP, as opposed to the Netherlands' negative inflows of -1.1%, indicating a more favorable perception for investors in Romania. Furthermore, inflation rates favor the Netherlands at 3.3% against Romania's higher 5.7%, suggesting a more stable economic environment in the former.

Trade and Investment

The Netherlands has established itself as a hub for international trade with exports comprising 84.1% of its GDP, positioning it as the 31st ranked globally. In contrast, Romania stands at 100th place with exports making up only 35.6% of GDP. The import figures reflect a similar trend, with the Netherlands at 72% of GDP against Romania's 41.7%. High-technology exports showcase a significant disparity as well, with the Netherlands exporting $111 billion compared to Romania's $9.7 billion. This substantial difference indicates a more advanced technological sector in the Netherlands and a lower level of specialization in Romania’s exports. Overall, the data underscores the Netherlands' strong global trade performance relative to Romania's.

Governance and Institutions

The governance landscape in the Netherlands appears stronger, with notable rankings in various indicators related to governance. The Netherlands has a control of corruption score of 1.9, significantly higher than Romania’s score of 0, indicating a more transparent and accountable government. Similarly, the effectiveness of the Dutch government is higher at 1.6, compared to Romania's -0.1. Regulatory quality and the rule of law follow this trend, with the Netherlands scoring 1.8 and 1.6 respectively. In contrast, Romania scores considerably lower at 0.3 and 0.4. Political stability also favours the Netherlands at 0.7 against Romania's 0.4, signifying a less volatile political environment. Unemployment figures reflect a stronger Dutch labor market, with only 3.5% unemployment compared to Romania’s 5.6%.

Infrastructure and Technology

The Netherlands excels in infrastructure quality, evidenced by its logistics performance index, which stands at 4.2, while Romania struggles with a score of 2.9. This discrepancy suggests superior trade-related infrastructure in the Netherlands, facilitating efficient movement of goods and services. The Netherlands also leads in technological engagement as evidenced by the high percentage of individuals using the Internet (97%) compared to Romania (89.2%). Furthermore, patent applications from residents indicate a more innovative landscape in the Netherlands with 2,080 applications versus Romania’s 772, signaling a stronger emphasis on research and development contributing to economic growth.

Environment and Sustainability

Both countries face environmental challenges, but Romania shows a slightly better rate of renewable energy consumption at 23.6% compared to the Netherlands at 12.2%. However, total greenhouse gas emissions per capita are higher in the Netherlands at 8.4 metric tons compared to Romania’s 5.6 metric tons. The level of water stress is also lower in Romania, with freshwater withdrawals at 7.4% of available resources, against 16.1% in the Netherlands. Each country's commitment to sustainability and environmental management will play a crucial role in shaping their future development trajectories.