Germany vs Portugal development indicators, 2024

Indicator	Germany, Value	Portugal, Value	Germany, Rank	Portugal, Rank	Germany as % of Portugal
Current account balance (% of GDP)	5.73	2.17	18	40	264 %
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)	42.1	46.5	53	44	90.6 %
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)	1.02	4.27	73	23	23.9 %
GDP per capita (current US$)	55,800	28,844	17	45	193 %
GDP per capita, PPP (current international US$)	72,300	50,617	18	41	143 %
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)	38.2	44.7	75	61	85.6 %
Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)	2.26	2.42	103	99	93.4 %
Net migration	36,954	20,648	29	37	179 %
Population, total	83,510,950	10,701,636	19	89	780 %

Demography and Health

Germany and Portugal demonstrate similar birth rates, with Germany at 8.3 per 1,000 people and Portugal slightly lower at 8.1. In terms of death rates, Germany's figures stand at 12.3 compared to Portugal's 11.2. This reflects somewhat better health outcomes in Portugal, as evidenced by a higher life expectancy of 82.3 years versus Germany's 80.5 years. Furthermore, the under-5 mortality rate is slightly lower in Portugal at 3.2 per 1,000 live births compared to Germany’s 3.7. However, both countries face challenges regarding poverty, with Germany at 14.8% and Portugal higher at 16.4%. Both nations report a low prevalence of undernourishment at 2.5%, showcasing effective food security.

Economy

The economic landscape differs significantly, with Germany boasting a GDP per capita of $55,800, significantly higher than Portugal's $28,844. In terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), Germany again leads at $72,300 versus Portugal's $50,617. Germany's export economy, representing 42.1% of its GDP, is less export-driven compared to Portugal at 46.5%. Importantly, Germany has a lower inflation rate at 2.3% compared to Portugal's 2.4%. However, Germany's high-technology exports amount to $255.7 billion, vastly outpacing Portugal's $4.2 billion, indicating a more advanced technology sector.

Trade and Investment

In the realm of trade, Germany shows a current account balance of 5.7% of GDP, significantly more robust than Portugal's 2.2%. Germany also attracts a lesser net inflow of foreign direct investment (1% of GDP) compared to Portugal (4.3%). This disparity suggests that while Germany has a strong overall economy, Portugal is capitalizing on its investment climate with a higher foreign direct investment ratio, positioning it favorably for growth.

Governance and Institutions

Regarding governance, Germany scores better in various indicators of institutional quality, including a control of corruption index of 1.7 versus Portugal's 0.7. This indicates a stronger framework for managing corruption risks in Germany. The government effectiveness score also reflects this, with Germany at 1.2 and Portugal at 1. Although both countries score reasonably, Germany maintains higher rankings in political stability and regulatory quality. For instance, unemployment stands significantly lower in Germany at 3.1% compared to Portugal, which faces a 6.5% unemployment rate, signaling stronger labor market conditions in Germany.

Infrastructure and Technology

Germany's logistics performance index stands at an impressive 4.3, highlighting superior trade and transport infrastructure when compared to Portugal's score of 3.6. This difference underscores Germany's competitive advantage in shipping and logistics, factors crucial for economic growth and trade efficiency. Additionally, Germany leads in research and development expenditure as a percentage of GDP at 3.1% compared to Portugal's 1.7%, emphasizing its commitment to innovation and technological advancement.

Environment and Sustainability

On environmental indices, Germany's renewable energy consumption is 17.6% of its total energy usage, markedly lower than Portugal's 32.3%. This indicates Portugal's progressive stance towards sustainable energy sources. However, Germany faces higher levels of water stress, with 35.4% of freshwater resources being utilized, compared to only 12.3% in Portugal. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, Germany emits 8.1 tons of CO2 equivalents per capita, considerably higher than Portugal's 5 tons per capita, reflecting a greater environmental challenge in Germany.