Germany vs Luxembourg development indicators, 2024

Indicator	Germany, Value	Luxembourg, Value	Germany, Rank	Luxembourg, Rank	Germany as % of Luxembourg
Current account balance (% of GDP)	5.73	13.8	18	7	41.5 %
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)	42.1	216	53	1	19.5 %
GDP per capita (current US$)	55,800	137,517	17	2	40.6 %
GDP per capita, PPP (current international US$)	72,300	150,772	18	1	48 %
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)	38.2	183	75	1	20.9 %
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)	93.5	98.8	5	2	94.6 %
Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)	2.26	2.05	103	112	110 %
Net migration	36,954	5,677	29	53	651 %
Population, total	83,510,950	677,717	19	167	12,322 %

Demography and Health

Germany has a crude birth rate of 8.3 per 1,000 people, lower than Luxembourg's 9.5, which ranks 28th compared to Germany's 54th position. The crude death rate in Germany is higher at 12.3 per 1,000 compared to Luxembourg's 6.6, ranking Germany at 27th and Luxembourg at 80th. Life expectancy at birth is 80.5 years in Germany, while in Luxembourg, it is significantly higher at 83.4 years, placing Germany 49th and Luxembourg 4th in global rankings. The under-5 mortality rate indicates that Germany has a rate of 3.7 per 1,000 live births versus Luxembourg's 2.3, ranking Germany 32nd and Luxembourg 72nd. Furthermore, Germany sees net migration of 36,954 people, which is notably higher compared to Luxembourg's 5,677, ranked at 45th and 78th respectively. The prevalence of undernourishment is equal at 2.5% for both countries, reflecting a strong food security status in both nations. However, poverty remains a concern as Germany's rate stands at 14.8% compared to Luxembourg's 17.3%, ranking Germany 21st and Luxembourg 15th. Suicide mortality rates reflect a troubling trend with Germany reporting 12.9 per 100,000 population, while Luxembourg has a lower rate of 8.2, ranking Germany 14th and Luxembourg 23rd.

Economy

Germany's GDP per capita is recorded at $55,800, significantly lower than Luxembourg's impressive $137,517, where Luxembourg occupies the 1st rank globally, and Germany is in 22nd position. Adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP), Germany’s GDP per capita is $72,300 compared to Luxembourg’s $150,772, illustrating a similar disparity with ranks of 15 and 1, respectively. Germany has a total current account balance of 5.7% of GDP against Luxembourg’s 13.8%, ranking 22nd and 1st. Germany’s inflation rate stands at 2.3%, slightly higher than Luxembourg’s 2.1%, where both countries rank near the bottom at 88th and 92nd. The unemployment rate in Germany is low at 3.1%, whereas in Luxembourg, it is higher at 5.2%, ranking Germany at 75th and Luxembourg at 51st, indicating a more stable labor market in Germany. Finally, Germany's current health expenditure accounts for 11.8% of GDP compared to Luxembourg's 5.8%, suggesting a stronger investment in health care in Germany.

Trade and Investment

In terms of exports, Germany has 42.1% of its GDP attributed to exports of goods and services, positioned 88th worldwide, while Luxembourg's exports account for a staggering 216% of GDP, ranking 4th, demonstrating Luxembourg's dominance in international trade. Imports also tell a compelling story with Germany at 38.2% of GDP versus Luxembourg's 183%, showing a robust trade environment in Luxembourg with ranks of 97th and 3rd respectively. Germany leads in high-technology exports at $255.7 billion compared to Luxembourg's modest $801.2 million, highlighting Germany's strong industrial base and innovation capacity, where it ranks 1st overall for patents applications against Luxembourg's 20th place.

Governance and Institutions

Germany's governance metrics show a control of corruption score of 1.7, compared to Luxembourg's 1.9, where both rank within the top tiers globally at 19th and 11th respectively. Government effectiveness is another metric with Germany scoring 1.2 and ranked 29th, while Luxembourg shines with 1.9 and ranks 5th. Political stability is stronger in Luxembourg (1.1), ranking 3rd, while Germany scores 0.6, placing it at 52nd. Regulatory quality and rule of law are also crucial; Germany scores 1.5 and 1.6 against Luxembourg’s 1.9 and 1.8, with Germany's ranks at 23rd and 21st, while Luxembourg occupies 1st and 8th positions, indicating stronger institutional frameworks in Luxembourg.

Infrastructure and Technology

Germany excels in logistics performance with a score of 4.3, the highest globally in terms of trade and transport infrastructure. In contrast, Luxembourg’s score of 3.6 places it 13th, illustrating Germany's superior infrastructure capabilities. Additionally, the proportion of individuals using the Internet shows Germany at 93.5% against Luxembourg's 98.8%, ranking 24th and 4th, respectively, indicating a highly connected populace in Luxembourg. Research and development expenditure in Germany hovers at 3.1% of GDP, which is considerably higher than Luxembourg at just 1%. This reflects Germany's commitment to fostering innovation and technological advancement.

Environment and Sustainability

Germany's renewable energy consumption stands at 17.6% of total energy consumption, slightly lower than Luxembourg's 20.5%, where both countries rank 17th and 13th, respectively, highlighting ongoing commitments to sustainable energy sources. The challenge of greenhouse gas emissions is present for both nations, although Germany produces 8.1 tons CO2e per capita against Luxembourg's higher output of 11.8 tons, with ranks of 36th and 4th. Furthermore, Germany faces more significant water stress with a withdrawal level of 35.4% compared to Luxembourg’s challenging rate of only 4%, respectively ranking 5th and 22nd. These environmental indicators reflect differing approaches and current challenges both countries face in sustainability.