Estonia Estonia vs Netherlands Netherlands development indicators, 2024

Indicator
Estonia
Estonia, Value
Netherlands
Netherlands, Value
Estonia
Estonia, Rank
Netherlands
Netherlands, Rank
Estonia Estonia as % of
Netherlands Netherlands
Current account balance (% of GDP) -1.15 9.92 64 10
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 76.3 84.1 15 11 90.7 %
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) -8.18 -1.1 105 101 744 %
GDP per capita (current US$) 31,170 68,219 41 12 45.7 %
GDP per capita, PPP (current international US$) 49,334 84,218 44 11 58.6 %
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 75.7 72 15 20 105 %
Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 3.52 3.35 62 65 105 %
Net migration -7,742 121,628 147 17
Population, total 1,371,986 17,994,237 155 71 7.62 %

Demography and Health

Estonia has a crude birth rate of 8 per 1,000 people, slightly lower than the Netherlands' rate of 9.2, ranking Estonia 64th and the Netherlands 36th globally. In terms of crude death rates, Estonia's figure of 11.7 surpasses the Netherlands' 9.5, leading to a higher overall mortality ranking for Estonia at 35 compared to 62 for the Netherlands. Estonia's life expectancy at birth is 78.5 years; this is notably lower than the Netherlands' 81.9 years, reflecting broader disparities in healthcare access and outcomes. In terms of child mortality, Estonia performs better with a rate of 2.1 deaths per 1,000 live births compared to 4 in the Netherlands. However, both countries have the same percentage (2.5%) of the population facing undernourishment. The prevalence of suicide at 14.9 per 100,000 in Estonia is notably higher than the Netherlands' 11.5, indicating significant mental health concerns in Estonia.

Economy

Estonia's GDP per capita stands at $31,170, significantly lower than the Netherlands’ $68,219, signaling a disparity in overall economic prosperity and wealth distribution. When considering GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP), Estonia’s figure of $49,334 is again less competitive than the Netherlands' $84,218, placing Estonia 66th globally versus the Netherlands at 9th. Additionally, Estonia's inflation rate at 3.5% is slightly above the Netherlands' 3.3%. In terms of high-technology exports, Estonia's $2.1 billion shows an underdog position compared to the Netherlands at $111 billion, which ranks it 5th in the world. The unemployment rate in Estonia is 6.4%, whereas the Netherlands benefits from a lower rate of 3.5%, which is more favorable for labor market stability.

Trade and Investment

Estonia's exports of goods and services as a percentage of GDP (76.3%) surpasses that of the Netherlands (84.1%), indicated by ranks of 43 and 31 respectively, highlighting Estonia's reliance on international trade. In contrast, Estonia's imports (75.7% of GDP) also exceed that of the Netherlands (72%), reflecting an economy highly integrated into the global market. However, net foreign direct investment inflows are negative at -8.2% for Estonia, ranking 97th, while the Netherlands sees a lesser negative balance of -1.1%, indicating a more stable investment climate. The current account balance also favors the Netherlands with a surplus of 9.9% compared to Estonia’s deficit of -1.1%, further illustrating differences in economic health and performance.

Governance and Institutions

In terms of governance indicators, Estonia shows some deficits in various aspects. The Control of Corruption index scores Estonia at 1.5, ranking 23rd globally, while the Netherlands scores slightly better at 1.9, ranking 14th. Government Effectiveness also highlights a gap, with Estonia scoring 1.3 compared to the Netherlands' 1.6, placing them at 26th and 11th respectively. Regulatory Quality and Rule of Law indicators similarly show Estonia lagging behind the Netherlands. Military expenditure is significantly lower in Estonia at $1.2 billion versus $16.6 billion in the Netherlands. Both countries show political stability and absence of violence at a similar level, but Estonia ranks slightly better overall.

Infrastructure and Technology

Estonia scores 3.5 on the Logistics Performance Index, indicating room for improvement in trade and transport infrastructure, whereas the Netherlands, ranked 2nd globally, scores a higher 4.2. This emphasizes the Netherlands’ advanced logistical capabilities which enhance its trade efficiency. The internet penetration in Estonia is commendable at 93.2%, however, it still lags behind the Netherlands at 97%, indicating further opportunities for technological adoption and enhancement in connectivity.

Environment and Sustainability

Estonia stands out in renewable energy consumption, utilizing 38% of its total energy needs from renewable sources, ranking 5th globally. In contrast, the Netherlands uses only 12.2%, ranking 25th. When examining water stress, Estonia shows more sustainable freshwater withdrawal practices at 10.8%, compared to the Netherlands' 16.1%. However, Estonia’s per capita greenhouse gas emissions at 10.5 tons are relatively higher than the Netherlands’ 8.4 tons, indicating areas for environmental policy improvement. Both countries share the challenge of reducing carbon emissions while promoting economic growth.