Denmark Denmark vs Romania Romania development indicators, 2024

Indicator
Denmark
Denmark, Value
Romania
Romania, Value
Denmark
Denmark, Rank
Romania
Romania, Rank
Denmark Denmark as % of
Romania Romania
Current account balance (% of GDP) 13 -8.36 8 99
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 69.7 35.6 24 70 196 %
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 4.21 1.92 26 57 219 %
GDP per capita (current US$) 71,852 20,072 11 57 358 %
GDP per capita, PPP (current international US$) 79,514 48,712 13 45 163 %
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 58.9 41.7 36 67 141 %
Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 1.37 5.72 129 35 24 %
Net migration 25,639 -28,466 34 182
Population, total 5,976,992 19,069,340 114 66 31.3 %

Demography and Health

Denmark and Romania present contrasting demographics and health metrics, reflecting their differing socio-economic conditions. Denmark has a relatively high birth rate of 9.7 per 1,000 people compared to Romania's 8, ranking 24th and 64th respectively. The death rate in Denmark stands at 9.8 per 1,000 people, while Romania's is higher at 12.7, placing Denmark 54th and Romania 25th in global rankings.

In terms of health outcomes, Denmark has a life expectancy at birth of 81.9 years versus Romania's 76.6 years, highlighting better health systems and living conditions in Denmark, ranked 27th and 66th respectively. The under-5 mortality rate in Denmark is 3.4 per 1,000 live births, significantly lower than Romania's 6.6, where Romania ranks 1st due to efficient health interventions. Both countries report a prevalence of undernourishment at 2.5%, indicating food security on par with each other.

Economy

Denmark's GDP per capita in 2024 is a substantial $71,852, ranking it 9th, while Romania's GDP per capita is significantly lower at $20,072, marking it as 95th globally. Additionally, the GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) further emphasizes this disparity, with Denmark at $79,514 (10th) compared to Romania's $48,712 (68th). Inflation rates diverge as well, with Denmark at a minimal 1.4% and Romania at a higher 5.7%, reflecting economic stability in Denmark.

Denmark's economic structure is also characterized by high-tech exports totaling $16.1 billion, leading Romania's $9.7 billion. In terms of FDI net inflows, Denmark sees a healthy 4.2% of GDP, whereas Romania lags with 1.9%. The current account balance also favors Denmark positively at 13%, contrasting Romania's negative balance of -8.4%. These figures illustrate Denmark's robust economic environment compared to Romania's emerging economy.

Trade and Investment

Denmark excels in its international trade, where exports of goods and services account for 69.7% of GDP, positioning it at 50th globally against Romania's 35.6% (100th). Correspondingly, Denmark's imports also represent a significant 58.9% of GDP compared to Romania's 41.7%, indicating a more integrated and active participation in global markets. The logistics performance index further strengthens Denmark's position with a score of 4.1, signifying high-quality trade and transportation infrastructure, as opposed to Romania's lower score of 2.9.

In terms of foreign direct investment (FDI), Denmark maintains a healthier inflow at 4.2% of GDP, compared to Romania's 1.9%. This disparity can be attributed to a more favorable business climate in Denmark, supported by effective governance and regulations, which together attract higher levels of investment.

Governance and Institutions

Denmark is recognized for its strong governance indicators, reflected in its Control of Corruption score of 2.4, ranking 2nd globally, while Romania struggles with a score of 0, standing at 71st. Government effectiveness in Denmark is rated at 2, placing it 1st, in stark contrast to Romania's -0.1, which ranks it 78th. The political stability index in Denmark is also robust at 0.9, ranking 20th, as opposed to Romania's weaker score of 0.4, positioning it at 71st.

Legal and regulatory frameworks also favor Denmark, with a Rule of Law score of 1.9 (4th) versus Romania's 0.4 (63rd) and a Regulatory Quality score of 1.8 (5th) against 0.3 (79th). Such governance structures underpin the country's economic performance and social well-being, distinguishing the stability and functionality of Denmark’s institutions compared to Romania's challenges.

Infrastructure and Technology

The logistics performance index ranks Denmark significantly higher, with a score of 4.1 for the quality of trade and transport-related infrastructure, ranking it 5th, while Romania's score of 2.9 places it 26th. Investment in research and development also illustrates Denmark's commitment to technological advancement, as it spends 2.9% of GDP on R&D, compared to Romania's minimal 0.5%. Additionally, patent applications in Denmark number 1,090, versus Romania's 772, indicating a strong innovative capacity in Denmark.

Moreover, high-tech exports contribute vital economic growth to Denmark, totaling $16.1 billion, which represents a significant edge over Romania’s $9.7 billion. This technological proficiency reflects both investment in education and practical applications, fostering an environment conducive to innovation.

Environment and Sustainability

Denmark demonstrates a marked commitment to sustainability, with renewable energy consumption constituting 39.5% of total final energy consumption, ranking it 4th globally, whereas Romania stands at 23.6% (10th). Furthermore, Denmark maintains a lower level of total greenhouse gas emissions per capita at 7 tons CO2e compared to Romania’s 5.6 tons, positioning both countries favorably on the environmental front, with Denmark 48th and Romania 72nd in this regard.

Water management reflects positively in Denmark, with a level of water stress calculated at 26.4%, while Romania's is notably lower at 7.4%, placing Denmark at 9th and Romania at 19th. This suggests a more efficient use of water resources in Romania, despite Denmark's overall sustainability initiatives being better recognized. Both countries face environmental challenges but are addressing them through varying approaches and commitments to sustainability.